-
1 химиотерапевтические средства
лекарственные препараты, оказывающие специфическое повреждающее действие на возбудителей инфекционных заболеваний или клетки опухолей; применяются для химиотерапии и химиопрофилактики. Выделяют противомикробные, противопаразитарные и противоопухолевые Х.с. В качестве Х.с. используют вещества природного происхождения (напр., ряд антибиотиков) и синтетические препараты (напр., сульфаниламиды, нитрофураны).Толковый биотехнологический словарь. Русско-английский. > химиотерапевтические средства
-
2 Domagk, Gerhard Johannes Paul
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 30 October 1895 Lagow, Brandenburg, Germanyd. 24 April 1964 Burgberg, Germany[br]German physician, biochemist and pharmacologist, pioneer of antibacterial chemotherapy.[br]Domagk's studies in medicine were interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War and his service in the Army, delaying his qualification at Kiel until 1921. For a short while he worked at the University of Greifswald, but in 1925 he was appointed Reader in Pathology at the University of Munster, where he remained as Extraordinary Professor of General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (1928) and Professor (1958).In 1924 he published a paper on the role of the reticulo-endothelial system against infection. This led to his appointment as Director of Research by IG Farbenindustrie in their laboratory for experimental pathology and bacteriology. The planned programme of research into potential antibacterial chemotherapeutic drugs led, via the discovery of the dye Prontosil rubrum by his colleagues, to his reporting in 1936 the clinical antistreptococcal effects of the sulphonamide drugs. These results were confirmed in other countries, but owing to problems with the Nazi authorities he was unable to receive until 1947 the Nobel Prize that he was awarded in 1939.Domagk turned his interest to the chemotherapy of tuberculosis, and in 1946 he was able to report the therapeutic activity of the thiosemicarbazones, which, although too toxic for general use, in their turn led to the discovery of the potent and effective isoniazid. In his later years he moved into the field of cancer chemotherapy, but interestingly he wrote, "One should not have too great expectations of the future of cytostatic agents." His only daughter was one of the first patients to have a severe streptococcal infection successfully treated with Prontosil rubrum.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Medicine 1939. Foreign Member of the Royal Society. Paul Ehrlich Gold Medal.Bibliography1935, "Ein Beitrag zur Chemotherapie der bakteriellen Infektionen", Deutsche med. Woch.1924, Virchows Archiv für Path. Anat. und Physiol. u.f. klin. Med. 253:294–638.Further Reading1964, Biographical Memoirs of the Royal Society: Gerhard Domagk, London.MGBiographical history of technology > Domagk, Gerhard Johannes Paul
-
3 Forlanini, Carlo
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 11 June 1847 Milan, Italyd. 26 May 1918 Nervi, Italy[br]Italian physician who originated the technique of therapeutic pneumothorax.[br]After a medical education at Turin, where he qualified in 1870, he held assistant posts before becoming chief of the medical clinic by 1880. He later moved to Pavia as Professor of Medicine and soon became engaged in the development of his procedure for inducing artificial pneumothorax in the treatment of tuberculosis.He treated his first case using this technique in 1882, and by 1894 he was able to report a series of forty-five cases in which a cure had been facilitated. The treatment soon gained wide acceptance and remained an important element of the anti-tubercular armamentarium until the development of chemotherapeutic drugs effective for this purpose.[br]Bibliography1882, "Contribuzione della terapia chirurgica della tisi. Ablazione der pulmone? Pneumothorace artificiale", Gazy. Osp. Clin.1894, "Primo caso did tisi pulmonale arangata curato feliciamente col pneumothorace artificiale", Gazy. med. di Torino.Further ReadingRiviere, 1917, The Pneumothorax Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, London.MG -
4 quimioterapeuta
quimioterapeuta11 = chemotherapist.Ex: History has come full circle and chemotherapists are now actively searching for new drugs against smallpox virus.
quimioterapeuta22 = chemotherapeutic.Ex: Most chemotherapeutic approaches to cancer try to target cancer cells specifically and do something that slows or stops their cell growth.
См. также в других словарях:
broad-spectrum drugs — Chemotherapeutic agents that are effective against many different kinds of pathogens … Dictionary of microbiology
narrow-spectrum drugs — Chemotherapeutic agents that are effective only against a limited variety of microorganisms … Dictionary of microbiology
Chemotherapy — A woman being treated with docetaxel chemotherapy for breast cancer. Cold mittens and wine coolers are placed on her hands and feet to reduce harm to her nails. Chemotherapy (sometimes cancer chemotherapy) is the treatment of cancer with an… … Wikipedia
5-HT3 antagonist — 5 HT3 receptor antagonists Drug class Skeletal formula of ondansetron, the prototypical 5 HT3 antagonist ATC code A04AA … Wikipedia
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting — (CINV) is a common side effect of many cancer treatments. Nausea and vomiting are two of the most feared cancer treatment related side effects for cancer patients and their families. In 1983, Coates et al. found that patients receiving… … Wikipedia
Midkine — For other uses, see Mk (disambiguation) and MDK (disambiguation). Midkine (neurite growth promoting factor 2) PDB rendering based on 1mkc … Wikipedia
Leukemia — For the journal, see Leukemia (journal). For animal diseases, see Leucosis. Leukemia Classification and external resources A Wright s stained bone marrow aspirate smear of patient with precursor B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia … Wikipedia
Nanocell — This article is about biological cells. For cell phone technology, see microcell. The term nanocell refers to a drug delivery platform consisting of a polymer bound chemotherapeutic drug combined with a lipid bound anti angiogenesis drug.… … Wikipedia
Health and Disease — ▪ 2009 Introduction Food and Drug Safety. In 2008 the contamination of infant formula and related dairy products with melamine in China led to widespread health problems in children, including urinary problems and possible renal tube… … Universalium
chemotherapy — chemotherapist, n. /kee moh ther euh pee, kem oh /, n. Med. the treatment of disease by means of chemicals that have a specific toxic effect upon the disease producing microorganisms or that selectively destroy cancerous tissue. Cf.… … Universalium
Doxorubicin — Systematic (IUPAC) name (7S,9S) 7 [(2R,4S,5S,6S) 4 amino 5 hydroxy 6 methyloxan 2 yl]oxy 6,9,11 trihydroxy 9 (2 hydroxyacetyl) 4 methoxy 8,10 dihydro 7H tetracene 5,12 dione Clinical data … Wikipedia
